The main cell types characterizing the CNS are essentially neurons and glial cells, whereby the first are regarded as the cellular substrate of the cognitive abilities of the CNS. Until of course, the genes where actually counted: turns out, their number is about +/- 25.000 in humans and +/- 30.000 in mice. However these are estimates, nobody ever counted all the neurons, or delivered a plausible concept how to estimate their number.īut, just to remember you, how wrong sience can be: it was printed in almost every biology / medicine text book, an often used question in tests, and broadly regarded as a fact for decades - that the human genome has about 100.000 genes. The numbers of neurons varies extremly between species: the common fruit fly has about 100.000 neurons, whereas it is estimated that the human brain has about 10 14 (100 billion) neurons.
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